4. pkgutil

List all installed packages:

$ pkgutil --pkgs

Show metadata for a package:

$ pkgutil --pkg-info com.apple.pkg.CLTools_Executables
package-id: com.apple.pkg.CLTools_Executables
version: 14.2.0.0.1.1668646533
volume: /
location: /
install-time: 1717553998
groups: com.apple.FindSystemFiles.pkg-group

List installed files for a package:

$ pkgutil --files com.apple.pkg.CLTools_Executables

Discard receipt data for a package:

$ sudo pkgutil --forget com.apple.pkg.CLTools_Executables